Kerguelen’s voyage to the north. 75* After defcribing the productions of the ifland, it is fit I fhould notice the conftitution, labours, and private life of the Icelanders. Thefe people are of a common fize, and robuft nature, enjoying their health admirably ; a manly education, a fober, frugal, and laborious life, no doubt contribute to give them this temperament. They are moftly nimble and well made, have fine teeth, and generally light hair. The women are not of fo ftrong conftitution as the men ; their occupations are very light, they work and. preparehe wool, and.their moil laborious gfflBlffiKment i» ^y.ma;mg> Their labours are not 10 eaty nor lo tortunate as M. Anderfon defcribes; they do not proceed to bathe, and refume their different work immediately after laying-in. In the different places I refided at in the country my furgeon delivered feveral, and always with the fame diffi- culty, and I know that they always kept their bed for a week. I have even been in- formed that for want of midwifes, furgeons, and neCeffary affiflance, many women are loft. The Icelanders have no good furgeons, nor fkilful phyficians ; neverthelefs after fifty years of age they are much in need of them • it is then that they begin to be at- tacked by diforders and infirmities. A man of eighty years of age is feldom feen on the ifland. They die chiefly from complaints in the breaft, the fcurvy, and obftru&ions- They call almoft all the diforders which are fatal by the common title of landfarfak. They have an hereditary complaint differing little from the leprofy, but not contagious. It will perhaps appear furprifing that the Icelanders, whom I have defcribed fo vigorous, , fhould become infirm fo foon ; but refpect muft be had :o their rude occupations, and the fedentary life they lead. They have no public exercife, no games, no dancing, and both by night and day in fifhing are fubjefl; to the inclemency of the weather; or if they inhabit the interior, they never leave their home without getting wet at feet, from the number of rivulets and torrents which fall from the mountains covered with ice and fnow. The Icelanders bring up their children with great tendernefs, and do not wean them earlier than in France. M. Anderfon is deceived in imagining that they do not fuckle more than eight or ten days ; but (without offence to M. Horrebows) he is cor- rect in dating that when a child is carried to be baptifed, a bit of linen dipped in milk is put into its mouth : I have feen and can certify the truth of this. Their mode of bring- ing up their children furprifed me ; they put them in breeches at the end of two months. I have obferved that the life of an Icelander was fober and frugal: the reader may form an eftimate of it from their meals; they live during the fummer principally on cod’s heads, and in the winter on fheep’s heads : they cut off the heads of the cod to . dry or fait the fifh, and they are moftly confumed at home. A common family make a meal of three or four cods’ heads boiled in fea-water: they boil every thing. The Iheep’s heads which they confume in the winter are the remnants of the mutton they, fait for trading with. They put them in a kind of vinegar for keeping. The vinegar is made fromfkimmed milk, the juice of forrel, and other ftrong herbs. All their difhes are cooked without either faltorfpice; butter is the only fauce : milk however is their principal food. Bread is very uncommon in Iceland ; the poor are unacquainted with it, living on dried fifh alone : thofe in eafy circumftances eat bread on high days, fuch as wedding and baptifmal days, and where particular company vifit, &c. This bread is brought from Copenhagen : it confifts of broad thin cakes, or fea-bifeuits, made of rye flour, and extremely black- The drefs-of the Icelanders, particularly the women, is Angular : I do not fpeak of the officers of the law who come from Denmark, and who drefs after the manner of their country, but only of the inhabitants of Iceland. The men drefs in much the fame manner as featnen ; they have a jacket fhaped like a coat, and a good cloth waiftcoat, with breeches of the fame-. They have four and even fix rows of buttons to their waift- 6 coat,.

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(21) Mynd
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(73) Blaðsíða 801
(74) Blaðsíða 802
(75) Blaðsíða 803
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(77) Saurblað
(78) Saurblað
(79) Band
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(81) Kjölur
(82) Framsnið
(83) Kvarði
(84) Litaspjald