Kerguelen’s voyage to the north. 766 %\ * veffels to Greenland to fiffi for feals, the fat of which ferves to make oils,'very iiffitgjjry efleemed for lamps. A very confiderable traffic in grain of every description is carried on at Berghen, on account of the ground throughout the bailiwick being p8br and-ffie- rile. Its inhabitants, particularly on the coafl, are, generally fpeaking, fifterrhen: they are obliged to furniffi themfelves with what grain they may have occafion for from the warehoufes in the city, which are always abundantly fupplied. All the inhabitants to the north of Berghen refort there, from the diftance even of three hundred leagues, to lay in their flock of corn and other commodities, Drontheim not poffeffing equal ad- vantages : in ffiort, Berghen is the granary of Norway. The river of Berghen, and all the neighbourhood of the coafl, abound in fiffi. The mod confiderable and profit- able fiffieries are thofe of the cod and herring ; it is from the produce of thefe that the Daniffi and foreign veffels take in their loading for all parts of Europe. Thefe are the gold mines of the country. The ftock-fifh prepared at Berghen is in great efteem throughout the ports of Spain, Italy, Holland, Flanders, and even England. It is alfo exported to the Baltic, as well as cod dried and barrelled, which the Norwegians fend all over Europe. A very large quantity of fiffi oil as well is ffiipped at Berghen, befides goats’ {kins, ffieep {kins, tallow, pitch, and planking. I have now to mention the trade in rogue, of which there is a great confumption in Brittany : rogue is the roes of cod-fiffi ; it is a bait without which there is no fiffiing for fardines. The cod fiffiery, for the purpofe of extracting the roes, is carried on on the coafts of Norway from the beginning of January to the middle of April. Cod is taken at other times of the year; but it is within thefe periods only that the roe is found. The fiffiery begins in January on the coafl of Nordland and Finmark, more than an hun- dred leagues north of Berghen. The fiffi defcends fucceffively along the coafts, always towards the fouth, as far as Berghen, and thirty leagues beyond to Schutnefs, where the fiffiery ends with the month of April, on account of the cod then leaving the ffiore for the fea, in order to lay its eggs. The fiffiery does not begin at Berghen before the end of March. The Norwegian fiffiermen carry on this fiffiery in clofe places only : they ufe fmall boats of fix or eight tons burthen. They have fmall wooden ftorehoufes on ffiore, where, after opening the fiffi and taking out the roe, they fait and lay it in pyra- midal piles, and tranfport it to Berghen after the end of the fiffiery in April. The mer- chants then buy the roes of the fiffiermen and barrel it. This fiffiery is feldom confi- derable in the bailiwick of Berghen, although it be of feventy leagues extent; it is deemed large when it extends to four thoufand barrels. But the beft fiffiing is on the coaft of Nordland,, the fea on which coafl affords more fiffi than any other. The inha- bitants of thefe northern countries bring to Berghen, the molt confiderable port in Norway, and that which is moft reforted to by foreigners, the whole produce of their fiffiery, as well the fiffi as the roe, in veffels of from one hundred to two hundred tons burthen. The ice and ftorais hinder the arrival of thefe veffels before the month of May, fo that it is impofiible before that time to fix the price of rogue. In tolerable years, at the beginning of June, there are commonly fifteen or fixteen thoufand tons of rogue in the warehoufes of Berghen (the meafure of the ton is about twenty-eight gal- lons Winchefter), the price of which is commonly three or four rix-dollars, from twelve to fifteen {hillings of our money ; and in plentiful years, as low as two rix-dollars, or eight {hillings nearly. It has even been known as low as a dollar, or three {hillings and ninepence per ton ; but in 1767 and 1768 the price was exceffive. Never was it known fo high, owing to a competition among the buyers ; it was fold at from five to fix dol- lars. This price, which is without example, makes it defirable, for prevention in future, and for the benefit of Brittany, that a fingle company ffiould poffefs the privilege of 4 felling

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(81) Kjölur
(82) Framsnið
(83) Kvarði
(84) Litaspjald