Kerguelen’s voyage to the north. 7T1 a flat face, little black eyes, a funk nofe, wide mouth, and thin lips; their ftrong black hair hangs over their Ihouklers, their complexions are olive brown, and their ears very large. They have little or no beard. The phytiognomy of the women bears refemblance to that of the men, they however have rather more delicate features, and fmaller feet; but as the two fexes drefs alike, it is difficult to diftinguilh them. Both one and the other wear dreffes made of rein-deer Ikins,turned inftde out, which bind round and cover their bodies. As to what relates to the Laplanders, fcarcely any refemblance is to be found be- tween them and the Samoiedes, unlefs it be their drefs, which is nearly the fame, their wandering life, and their common ufeof the rein-deer. The Laplanders pretty much refemble the Europeans, and particularly the Fins; they have however the upper jaw- bone rather longer and more high. Their hair is of various colours ; and as for what regards the women, there are fome among them who would pafs for handfome in any nation. The Laplanders further differ from the Samoiedes in their beard, which the former have very thick and buffiy. The Laplanders are efteemed to be defendants of the Fins, and the Samoiedes of fome Tartar race anciently inhabiting Siberia, which, preffed upon by other hordes, retreated to the extremity of the continent. The Lap- landers do not, as is mentioned in different relations, ufe the javelin, they are even igno- rant of the ufe of it; they have mufkets, and buy their powder at Kola. They do not eat their meat and fifh raw like the Samoiedes, they do not make flour of pounded filh bones, this cuftom is ufual among the Fins of Carelia; but the Laplanders make ufe of the fine pellicle which is under the bark of the fir-tree; they lay in a flock of it in the month of May, dry it, reduce it to dufl, and mix it with flour of which they make bread ; they pretend it a fovereign remedy againft the fcurvy. They do not make fiffi- oil their beverage. It is not true that polygamy is allowed among them, any more than the reputed practice of marrying without regard to affinity. They do not offer their wives and children to ftrangers; this charge is void of proof. Much has been faid of the witchcraft of the Laplanders, but all the tales on that fubjeCt are much exaggerated. Although the greater part of them profefs Chriflianity, they have nothing of it among, them but the name. They find great difficulty in changing their manners, and quitting their idols. Neither the Laplanders nor the Samoiedes are fo flhort as they have been reputed by hiflorians, who have been defirous of making them pafs for pygmies; however, they are very little more than from four feet three to four feet five in height. The life of the Laplanders is an image of the life of our firfl parents. They live without houfes, without farms, without fowing, without planting, without fewing, or making cloth, &c. Providence has afforded them an animal which requires little or no care, and this fatisfies all their wants. The rein-deer is the lead expenfive of all domeftic animals, and at the fame time the moft ufeful; it feeds and takes care of itfelf; in fummer it lives on mofs, leaves, and herbage, which it meets with on the mountains; in winter it fcratches up the fnow with its feet to get to the mofs, which inftinCl points out to it. When a rein-deer has been running all day, his mailer does no more than let him loofe, or tie it to a tree, and carry it a couple of handfuls of mofs: it has a ftrong refemblance to the flag, but differs in its horns projecting forward. This animal ferves the Laplander in- flead of fields, meadows, horfes, and cows. Its flelli and its milk form his principal food ; its {kin he ufes for clothing in winter, and in fummer he fells it, or exchanges it for a tent, which ferves him to dwell in. Of its hair thread is made, its bones and horns make furniture and tools, its {kin provides him with a bed, and to fum up the whole, its milk makes him excellent cheefe. Thus does the rein-deer make the for- tune of a Laplander. Several of them keep as many as a thoufand ; and know them all by their names. When they travel, or are defirous of tranfporting their effects, 13 they

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(77) Saurblað
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(81) Kjölur
(82) Framsnið
(83) Kvarði
(84) Litaspjald