Kerguelen’s voyage to the north. 790 there are quantities of aquatic fowl. The rivers are full of trout and falmon, and on the coaft: plenty of fifli and whales are caught. The Greenlanders are fraall of ftature, grofs and fat, they have all of them black hair, and red and brown countenances ; they are fubject to colds in the head, to the fcurvy, to complaints of the eyes and the bread. They knew nothing either of phy- ficians or furgeons, they have priefts, who ferve them as well for philofophers and doc- tors, for whom they entertain the higheft refpect, and whom they frequently confult. The language of the Greenlanders much refembles that of the Efquimaux Indians, who inhabit North America. Their drefles are made of birds’ feathers, rein-deer fkins, and feals fkins fewed together with the guts of them. The Greenlanders have huts for the winter, and in the fummer live in tents ; their huts are fimilar to thofe of the poor Ice- landers ; their tents are made of feals’ fkins. They make but one meal which is at night. They live upon hares, kids, fea-dogs, different forts of birds, and fifli, and drink nothing but water. Neither arts nor fciences are to be met with among the Greenlanders ; their trade confifts in lard, whalebone, unicorns’ horns, kid fkins, rein- deer, fea-dogs, and foxes. They take, in barter, linen and other neceffaries. Thefe people have a fort of religion ; they acknowledge a fupreme Being, believe the fouls of the dead afeend to heaven, and go a hunting there, and that the bodies remain to rot in the earth ; women are buried alive as foon as they appear to be in a dying ftate. The above is all that is mod interefting of the hiftory and manners of the Green- landers, there remains I fliould fpeak of their boats for fifhing, and their manner of fifliing and navigating. Hunting and fifhing are the only occupations of a Greenlander. They fifh in their lakes, rivers, and rivulets, but their principal fifhing is in the fea ; where they catch whales, unicorns, and fea-dogs, cod, and other fifh, which abound upon the coaft. Their hooks were formerly of bone, but they have fteel hooks now which the Danes bring them. Their lines are made of fmall fplinters of whalebone, and their calling nets of deer’s guts twifted, the harpoon which they ufe for ftriking the whales, is furnifhed with a forked bone, or a pointed, ftone, fome have all’o harpoons of iron, which they barter for with the Danes giving them oil and greafe in exchange. As thefe poor people have but little wood and iron, they make ufe of the precaution of faftening to the middle of every harpoon which they throw, the bladder of a fea-dog, that if the harpoon fliould not ftrike the fifh or detach itfelf from it, it may float on the water, and be readily found again, this expedient was known to the fifliermen of the Atlantic Ocean, for Opien in his Halieuticon fpeaks of it, lib. V. v. 177. “ They dart, fays he, large facks blown up by the breath, and faftened to a cord, immediately at the fifh, as it is about to plunge.” The arrows which the Greenlanders ufe, are armed as well either with bone or fliarp ftones, and they exercife themfelves in drawing the bow, from their tendered: infancy. The inhabitants of the new illand on which M. Bougain- ville landed lately in the South Sea, not having any iron, make ufe of bone for heading their arrows, offcales and fhells for knives, and fliarp ftones for felling of trees; thefe examples fhew that necefiity is the mother of invention, and that induftry is every where alike. The canoes or boats, in which the Greenlanders embark for the fifhery, are made of wood faftened together by traver es, joined with thin flips of whalebone at dif- ferent diftances. They are lined with the fkin of feals, well fewed together with ani- mal fibres inftead of thread, and the joints are well greafed to prevent water from pene- trating. 1' hefe canoes are of different fizes. Some are capable of carrying twenty per- fons with their arms and baggage ; and a good quantity of fifli or whales’ blubber. Thefe canoes have a fail made of the bowels of the whale, fplit and dried, and fewed one

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