OPINIONS OP GREENLANDERS. 53 by the middle of August, and in 1855 on the 5th of July. Last year the vessels proceeded direct from sea to Julianshaab, the ice having disappeared off the coast early in the summer. “ In September, 1855, I sailed along the coast of Julianshaab District beyond Cape Farewell to Itiblik, without having encountered any floe-ice whatever. In September, 1859, Col. Shaffner’s ship was seen steering along the coast, and subsequently anchored at Kaksimiut, in the Julians- haab District, without any interruption from ice. The coast during the autumn months is nearly always free from ice.” Extract from a Letter dated Frederickshaab, October 11th, 1860, from the Lev. F. F. Barfoed, a resident of Greenland since 1852. “During my residence in Greenland, I have never seen so much ice as during the present year. Dr. Dink, the Inspector (Governor) of South Greenland, and all other Danes and Greenlanders with whom I have consulted on the subject, are unanimous in declaring that never before within the memory of man has there been a year of so much ice as that of I860, “ It is my opinion that both the east and the west coasts are every year, at times, free from ice, but possibly not on both coasts at the sam© time ; and it is my decided opinion that a steamer will almost always find an opportunity to proceed unobstructed, direct from and to Julians- haab District, either from or to Labrador and Iceland, after, and many times during, the month of August. In the month of September, 1859, I saw Col. Shaffner’s vessel coasting southward, and in a few days after- wards we heard that he had anchored at Kaksimiut in the Julianshaab District. There was but little ice last year, and in an especial manner was the Julianshaab District free from ice.” Statement of Mr. Motzfeldt, Superintendent at Kaksimiut, one of the oldest residents in Greenland, November, 1860. “The year 1860 has been one of the worst ice years that we have ever had. Last year (October 2nd, 1859), Col. Shaffner’s ship entered Kaksimiut without difficulty. In the months of September, October, and November, generally, this coast is free from ice, and a steam vessel can enter from the sea and depart from the coast almost any day, and

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