18 THE NORTH ATLANTIC TELEGRAPH. telegraphing by that time. The time is short, it is true; but the cables can be constructed, and the lines can be laid, by that time ; and I am satisfied in my own mind, that, unless we meet with un- foreseen difficulties, you will be placed in direct commercial and in practical communication with America within the time of the con- cession (applause). It is not my wish to say anything in disparagement of the line from Ireland to Newfoundland, nor to say anything in dis- paragement of the noble gentlemen who have advanced their means for the promotion of that great undertaking. But it becomes necessary to refer to that enterprise in making the distinction between the practicability of the respective oceanic routes. Now, it has been admitted that it is possible to transmit through a line of that length electric pulsations; but to operate a line of that distance it would require men such as Faraday and your Thomson—men of the very highest science. But when they are gone, where will you find their equals to succeed them ? (Hear, hear.) They probably can work it sufficiently to make it intelligible, and obtain some two, or perhaps three, words per minute. I may be too practical in my ideas of the telegraph;—we must continue it as a practical art—take from it all the high scientific clothing, and keep it within the com- prehension of ordinary men. Until that is the case, we cannot make it subservient to purposes of commerce (applause). I will now refer more particularly to the northern route, although it has been said, and by the present President of the Atlantic Tele- graph Company, that it was madness to think of constructing a telegraph line by way of Greenland. Such was in the published report of his speech made in Glasgow. If that is madness, then I am mad, for I think that it is practicable, and that it will be done. I am willing to devote the balance of my life to the affair (applause); and if I die before it is accomplished, let it be written on my tombstone as an epitaph, c I still fight for the North Atlantic Telegraph ’ (renewed applause). You have been told that the sea is too deep, that it is fathomless in some parts, that there are rocky precipices, and that the snow is scarcely ever off the ground on any part of the route. You have been told also, that the sea between Greenland and Iceland is volcanic—that the cable would get burned up, or blowed up, or some other kind of destruction would happen to it—and that at Iceland and the Faroe Islands, the sea must be rocky, and that immense currents exist there which will rend the cable in pieces—all these difficulties are presented as objections to this route. They suppose that there is no other beautiful tract of ocean, with a beautiful bottom, than the one from Newfound- land to Ireland. I embarked on the late voyage to Labrador, Greenland, and the northern seas, late in the year, and did not care

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