THE BOARD OF TRADE TELEGRAPH EXAMINATION. 31 , 3975. Where is Stattinhuk?—Stattinhuk is at the southern part of Greenland, near Cape Farewell, but east of Cape Farewell. 3976. And the current is northward from there ?—Coming from the northward between Greenland and Iceland. 3977. It is a sort of eddy down the coast ?—Yes, and there is an open sea between the east coast and the floe ice. The current sweeps around the coast, and Cape Farewell, and then it goes northward into the Davis Strait. What I have stated with regard to the ice on the east coast of Greenland, is only an opinion based upon reading and upon observation the short time I was there. 3978. When you were there yourself you found it perfectly free from ice ?—Yes. 3979. And no icebergs ?—No icebergs at all; this wras in Oc- tober 1859. . 3980. Was the weather fine?—The weather was very pleasant; my family could be on deck every day. 3981. Is the water deep near the east coast of Greenland?—On the east coast I think the water is deep. The east coast of Green- land, south of latitude 65° north, forms a crescent to near Stattinhuk, latitude 59° 40' north. The sea within this crescent is eddy water, and floe ice is sometimes forced from the Arctic current by east winds into the eddy. The prevailing winds during the existence or presence of the floe ice in the Arctic current are from the west, north, or from between those points of the compass. These latter winds drive the ice, of whatever nature, from the coast eastward to sea, into the Arctic current, and is then swept southward around the south end of Greenland. Within the crescent, on the east coast of Greenland, I am of the opinion that the water is not deep, and that the bottom is soft mud. Such is the case wherever an eddy exists. The bays of Greenland, both upon the east and west coasts, bring to sea more or less water, which has a milky appear- ance, caused by the fine particles of insoluble matter held in suspension. These particles are composed of pulverised stones and earth, and are eventually deposited on the bottom of the bays, or at sea near their mouths respectively. It is natural to suppose that the bottom of the bays and the sea near the coast is deep mud, and that a telegraph cable laid thereon would not be disturbed. The currents are not strong enough or deep enough to reach the cable, and there will be no ice there that can descend to the bottom. The Esquimaux traders living upon the east coast of Greenland from time to time go south to Stattinhuk, and return between the coast and the floe ice. Their boats are made of skin and very frail. They cannot be forced through even small ice, because of their tenderness and liability of immediately sinking. Capt. Graah had to depend upon these boats when he was exploring that coast 30

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