THE DEEP-SEA SURVEYS. 25 Since my return to England I have received a letter from the Resident Inspector of South Greenland, the well known Dr. Rink, whose writings on Greenland have added so largely to our knowledge of the physical condition of that great arctic continent. The opinion of such a man deserves serious atten- tion, since it is scarcely possible to quote a higher authority upon the point in question. I therefore do so almost in his own words. “I have thought much,” he writes, “ over the proposed route for the North Atlantic Telegraph; at first I doubted the possi- bility of accomplishing it, but now I am of a contrary opinion. You can lay down the cable from Iceland round Cape Farewell into some fiord upon the south-west coast, where ice cannot ground upon it, or touch it except for a few fathoms out from the shore, and this last part may be easily protected. But to carry the wire across the interior of Greenland, as I have heard of, would be impracticable.” This letter was written in Greenland, before either the “ Bulldog” or “ Fox” had arrived there, and experience has since shown the necessity for acting in accordance with the suggestion of Dr. Rink. The length of cable required to unite Iceland with West Greenland will be about 800 miles. Finding that nothing more could be done upon the Green- land coast, I commenced a line of soundings towards Rockall, but a succession of tremendous storms and want of fuel prevented the completion of this service. One of the few casts obtained deserves particular mention; the depth was first ascertained to be 1260 fathoms : then a sounding machine was lowered to obtain a specimen of the bottom, and about fifty fathoms of line more than the depth required was payed overboard, to insure its being down. On hauling it in, several small star-fishes were found adhering to that part of the line which had lain upon the bottom ! The nearest land at

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