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SURVEY OF THE LANDING-PLACES.
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bergs from the stupendous glaciers far up the west coast of
Greenland, and especially in Melville Bay:—these bergs
attain an astonishing magnitude, but like the west ice which
they accompany, or outsail, they do not come upon the west
coast of Greenland below the same parallel, although in excep-
tional seasons of violent gales such as the last, they may be
blown in upon the land a little more to the southward ; and .1
saw some of these ice islands last October aground, upon
and near Taller t Bank northward of Frederickshaab.
The other icebergs are those which accompany the Spitz-
bergen ice, and may be said to follow its movements. They
are launched from the glaciers far up the east coast of Green-
land, and from those in the island of Spitzbergen, and besides
being originally far less in their dimensions they are exposed
during their long passage southward to the warmer Atlantic
winds and heavy swells, and are proportionally reduced before
their arrival at Cape Farewell. The bergs from the southern
glaciers of Greenland are but small, and need scarcely to be
taken into consideration, for as they must come out from the
heads of the fiords, they surely would not take the ground in
again entering the channel of the deepest fiords.
With regard to the flotation of ice, it has been calculated that
seven-eighths of a cubical mass of ice will be immersed, but ice-
bergs being very irregular in their formation and having usually
very peaked and angular summits, whilst below the water they are
smooth, rounded, and most frequently widened out. I think that
icebergs are not found that draw more water than the propor-
tion of six feet below to one foot of perpendicular height above
the water. Therefore in 150 fathoms of water (the very least
found in the entrance to Julianshaab Fiord) an iceberg of an
elevation above the water of 150 feet, or having an entire per-
pendicular height of 1050 feet, will there be suspended above
the ground, and such bergs are not to be met with in that place.”
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