TIIE DISCOVERY OF AMERIGi IN TIIE TENTH CENTURY. XXXVII diíion ; tlicy tliercfore niost likely cxamined tlic coasts of Connccticut and New York, i>rol)ably also those of New Jerscy, Dclaware and Maryland. Thc dcscription of tliis range of coast is accuratc. are makson’s sojoubií in creat ireland. In thosc timcs tlic Esijuimaux inhahitcd morc soutlicrly regions than tlicy do now a days. This is both evident from tlie ancicnt accounts, and sccms besidcs to gain corroboration from the skc- letons of ancicnt timcs, whicli have becn dug up in regions cven more soutlicrly tlian those ’in question; a circumstance which liowever merits a morc accuralc examination. In the neighbourliood of Yineland, opposite tlie country inhabitcd by tlie Esquimaux, there dwelled, accoriling to tlieir rc- ports, pcople wlio wore white drcsscs, and had polcs borne bcfore them on which wcre fastcneil lappcts, and who shontcd witli a loud voice. This country was supposed to be HVITIIAMANNALAND as it vvas callcd (the Land of the Whitcracn), otherwisc called IRLAND IT MIKLA (Grcat Ireland), bcing probably tliat part of thc coast of North Aincrica whicli extcnds southward from Chcsapcak Bay, induding North and South Caro- lina, Georgia, and I'Iorida. Among thcSliawancsc Indians, wlio somo ycars ago cmigrated from Flo- rida, and are now settled in Ohio, there is prc- scrved a tradition wliicli sccins of importancc here, vi7.: that Florida was oncc inhabited by white peoplc who vvere xn posscssion of iron implcxncnts. Judging frora tlic ancicnt accounts, tliis must have becn an Irisli christian pcoplc, who previous to the year 1000 were settled in this region. The powcrful cliieftain Are Marson , of Rcykianes in Iceland, was in the ycar 983 driven tliithcr by storms, and was there baptized. The íirst autlior of this account was liis contemporary Rafn, surna- med tlie Limerick-tradcr, Iie having long rcsidcd at Liraerick in Ireland. The illustrious Icclandic sagc, Are Frode, thc tlrst compilcr of tlic Landnama, wlio was himself a ilescendant in the fourth dcgrce frorn Arc Slarson, states on tliis suhjcct, that his unclc, ThorkcII Gcllerson (whose tcstimony Iic on another occasion declares lo bc worthy of all credit) had bccn informcd by Icc- landcrs, wlio liad tlieir inforination from Thorfinn Sigurdson Earl of Orkncy, that Are had becn re- cognizcd in Hvífrnmannaland, and could not get away froin thence, but was there held in high respect. This statcment therefore shews, that in those tiincs tliere was an occasional intcrcoursc bc- twecn thc Westcrn European countrics (tlieOrkncys anil Ireland) and fliis part of Amcrica. VOYAGES 0F BIÖRN ASBRANDSON AND. gudleip GUDLAUGSON. It inust have bccn in this same country tliat Biorn Asbrandson, surnamcd Breidvíkíngakappi, spent the latter part of his life. He liad becn adoptcd into thc cclcbratcil baml of Jomsbiirg warriours tindcr Falnatoke, and took part with thcm in thc battle of Fyrisval in Swedcn. IIis illicit ainatory' conncxion with Thurida of Frodo in Ice- land, a sister of tlie powerful Snorrc Gode, drcw upon him tlie eninity and persecution of the lat- ter, in conscqucncc of which he found Iiimsclf obliged to quit thc country for cver; and in the ycar 999 he sct sail from Ilruunhöfn in Sniofels- ncs with a N.E. wind. Gudleif Gudlaugson, brotlicr of Thorfinn, the ancestor of tlic celebratcd liisforian Snorrc Sturluson, Iiad madc a trading voyage to Dublin; but whcn lic left that place again, with tlie intcntion of sailing round Ireland ancl rcturning to Iccland, lie mct with long conti- nuing nortlicasterly winds, ’which drove him far to thc Soulh Wcst in tlie occan , aud at an ad- vanccil period of thc sunimcr he and liis company arrivcil at last at an extcnsivc country, bnt they knew not what country it was. On their landing, a crowd of thc natives, several hundreds in num- bcr, came against tlicm, anil laid Iiands on tlicin, and bound thcm. They did not know any body in tlic crowd, bnt it sccmcd to tlicm that thcir Ianguagc rcscmblcil Irish. Thc natives now took counscl whethcr thcy shonld kill tlic strangcrs, or niakc slavcs of lliem. Wliile thcy werc delibcra- ting, 'a largc company approachcd, displaying

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