10 claimed with legal formalities, was admitted in preference. Egil Skallagrimson lived during the greater part of the tenth century ; he had a litiga- tion concerning succession with a man named Atli; we quote the following passage from the Saga of Egil: “ When Atli entered the court with the “ jurors, Egil met him, saying, that he had no “ mind to receive the oath of a jury for his money. “ The law which I offer, he said, is different; we “ will fight a duel here in court, and let the “ money be his who gains the victory. What “ Egil said was indeed law, and an ancient cus- “ tom, for every man had a right to challenge “ another, whether he was a defender or prose- “ cutor in a cause. Atli said that he would not “ refuse Egil’s challenge. You speak, said he, “ what I ought to speak. Then Atli and Egil “ shook hands, mutually ratifying their agreement “ to fight. He who gained the victory was to “ have the estates about which they contended*.” (Egils Saga, chap. 68. p. 505. Copenh. edition, 1809.) The trial by battle is, in Scandinavia, of Pagan origin. We mean not to say, that this mode of trial lias not also been used by Christians j in the southern countries of Europe, we find it very com- mon among them at a very early age. The jus fortioris has never been superseded by any one, whether Christian or Pagan, who could render it * The date of this transaction is about the year 938, ac- cording to Torfteus.

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