Jon Porarinsson its mark on the new modernistic poetry - “atom poetry” - that came to the fore during the years immediately following the war. These poets include Steinn Steinarr, Jon ur Vor, Stefan HorSur Grimsson and Hannes Sigfusson. In painting and music the new situation meant a turning away from Scandinavia (and Germany) to the U.S.A. Musicians and young composers now travelled to America to complete their education. It is, however, meaningless to interpret this devel- opment as a well-thought-out political standpoint. The choice of places of study was governed to a large extent by financial considerations. After the war, it had become both easier and cheaper to travel to the U.S.A. Even during the war years the American presence had played an important role in the Icelandic musical scene. The American soldiers owned gramophone records with Ameri- can jazz. This meant that the music of such artists as Benny Goodman, the Dorsey brothers, Duke Ellington, Artie Shaw, Count Basie and Glenn Miller had been spread around the island. But perhaps the influence of the different jam session groups, some of which played modem jazz, played an even more important role. In 1945, the Icelandic National Broad- casting Service began broadcasting a regular jazz programme. At about the same time, the alto sax player Kristjan Kristjans- son started a sextet, which can be regarded as Iceland’s first jazz group. Among its most famous members was the young saxophonist Gunnar Ormslev. The development of jazz in Iceland during the following decades lies outside the scope of this book. The purpose here is merely to show that the American occupation affected the musical scene as well as the younger generation’s life style. Jon Porarinsson (bom 1917) was one of the first composers to travel to the U.S.A. He came from SeySisfjorbur in Eastern Iceland but had studied music with Pall Isolfsson, Franz Mixa and Victor Urbancic at the Reykjavik College of Music during the 1930’s. When he wanted to travel abroad and widen his perspectives, it was the middle of the war and the traditional places of pilgrimage, Copenhagen and Leipzig, were completely out of the question. Urbancic knew, how- ever, that Paul Hindemith was working at Yale University at that time, and suggested him as teacher. Jon Porarinsson 62

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