Svinavatn. 141 and a more wretched pack of curs I have never seen ; indeed, this remark applies to all the dogs that we saw at the farm- houses ; and I am told that there are but few places now where the pure breed of Icelandic dogs is to be found. Those that we saw were dreadful cowards, and would run away with their tails between their legs as soon as we approached them, until they got to a safe distance, when they would turn and bark furiously; they are, however, very useful to their owners for driving horses and sheep, and often amused us by the sly manner in which they came behind the horses and snapped at their heels to make them keep up with the rest, and the skilful way in which they dodged their kicks. As there is not at the present time a single pig in Iceland, I was curious to know how Svfnavatn (Swine’s Lake) came by its name, and on asking the farmer, he told me that at one time there had been a herd of swine on the opposite side of the lake, which were drowned in trying to swim across it. If this story be true, it certainly goes to show that the climate of Iceland must have been much milder in times past than it is at present, for every one that I spoke to on the subject was of opinion that it would be impossible to keep pigs here now, during the long and severe winters. The stories which we were told at Akreyri about the number of white bears which had landed on the island during the winter of x 880-81 received confirmation here. The farmer said that many had been seen wandering about, but that they were quite harmless when on land, and would run away when any one came near them. They would, however, sometimes kill a horse, but never interfered with the sheep. This was, possibly, because the latter were all housed close to the homestead. At the approach of spring they took to the water and swam away. The arctic foxes are very numerous here, and do considerable injury to the farmers by killing their sheep. They do not kill them on the spot, but gnaw their noses off, and then the

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