96 GUIDE TO ICELAND. notably in the Myvatns draft, where one occurred as recently as 1875 during an eruption of an immense lava-flood. (See Route 3 ) The disrupted tract at Jiingvellir in its descent fissured deeply in many places, and chiefly in the same direction as the two outer rifts, viz. from N.N.E. to S.S.W. Some six or seven hundred yards east of the Almannagja, and about a mile from the lake, one of these fissures divides into two arms, which diverge from each other and reunite at a distance of about a hundred yards or so, inclosing a long narrow rocky islet. This is the spot where, in the lawless days of old, the Alju'ng held its meetings. In olden times it was possible to cross its engirdling chasms in one place only, where masses of rock formed a rude causeway; but at the present time any one of ordinary activity can cross in at least two places, where frost and earthquakes have shattered the cliffs and choked the rifts with debris. The natural stone-mound near the northern end of the island is said to be the Loglerg (Law-rock), where new laws were proclaimed and judgments pronounced; and further south on the brink of the eastern rift a detached fragment of rock, about twelve feet in length, is shown as the ‘ Blood-stone,’ on which for certain offences the backs of criminals were broken, the victims being hurled backward and allowed to fall into the rift. It is recorded that several men attempted to seize Flosi, the leader of the ‘burners’ of Njal, during a meeting of the Aljung, and that he escaped by taking a very risky leap across the rift hard by the Blood-stone. In the Sagas mention is made of many a stormy debate and remarkable trial that took place here, ending in blood- shed and life-long feuds. It will be remembered that in the Historical Notice allusion was made to the ready wit displayed, and the remarkable incidents that occurred during the debate with reference to the adoption of the Christian religion. From the meeting-place of the Alju'ng the tourist will probably turn his footsteps towards the picturesque, though not large, fall formed by the Oxara, where it leaps in a single bound from the elevated moorland west of the Thingfields into the Almannagja; through which it flows for a short distance until it finds a gap in the eastern wall of the rift, and leaps in two bounds to the plain beneath. In the pool below this cascade it is said unfortunate women convicted of adultery or infanticide were drowned; while on a knoll close by those found guilty of witchcraft were burned. In the Almannagja, and at the foot of the outer slope of its eastern wall, are to be seen low, rude walls of unhewn stones, now used as folds for sheep. Within these, it is said, members

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