34 GUIDE TO ICELAND. be ridden or driven loaded for more than four hours daily in the peopled districts, so as to reserve its strength for unavoidable lengthy journeys when farms are far apart. Relay ponies will be taken, as mentioned in the introductory remarks, so that the party can 1 ravel eight hours daily on an average, each pony being used alternately for two hours. The only provender the hardy little brutes require is grass, and upon the arrival of the party at a farm for the night they are hobbled and turned out to forage for them- selves. A middle-aged pony, say ten to twelve years old, is to be preferred to a young one, and ponies up to eighteen years of age are very serviceable, and being experienced, they are prudent and very sure-footed. They are very hard-mouthed as a rule, and the rider may tug at the head of an old pony for an hour, but he will not induce it to take a step on doubtful ground. In fording rivers one should let his steed just feel the bit, so as to be prepared to lift its head in case of a stumble, allowing it to pick its way across at its own pace. Hire ponies for a short tour, buy them for a long one, as pre- viously recommended. In either case have nothing to do, if it can possibly be avoided, with ponies that have sores on their backs, at the roots of their tails, damaged legs or hoofs. See that all the ponies are well shod before starting, and take a half dozen spare shoes and a good supply of nails. Every man on the island is able to shoe a pony. However, if it is intended to make the capital, Akureyri, SavAhdkrdJcr, Sey’&irfjor^Sr, or some farm in a valley head-quarters, and from thence make ten to twelve days’ excur- sions into the interior, it is the better plan to hire ponies for each excursion, as fresh ones in good condition will then be obtained each time the sportsmen or tourists set out; and their expenses will be considerably reduced during their stay at head-quarters. It will be as well to buy a pony each for their own riding, and it is absolutely necessary that the guide be kept on with one pony to act as interpreter, and to accompany the tourists on short tours, or the sportsmen when angling or shooting. Timely notice should be given to the guide as to when fresh ponies will he required. This is the plan now adopted by the author, but speaking Danish he only needs a man when making lengthy excursions. Hobbies.—These are very important items, as the ponies must be hobbled at night or they will assuredly stray, and half the next day will be lost in hunting them up. Very good hobbles are made in Iceland of plaited woollen rope, but it is seldom that enough new ones for half a score of ponies are obtainable, either before

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