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(0.4 geogr. Mil), Lagunen medregnet. 0ens Fladeind-
hold er 7.32 geogr. Kvadratmil.
Den nordlige Del er den st0rste og mest fremtoe-
dende. I dens Midte troner det 1950 Meter hoje Beeren-
berg, en udslukt Vulkan; Krateret bar en Bredde af 1330
Meter. Den overste Kegle bar en ydre Skraaning af 42°
og en Hojde af omkring 600 Meter. Den synes, at domme
efter de sorte Flekker, der navnlig paa Vestsiden ere saa
fremtrsedende* at vaere dannet af Aske. Den Basis, livor-
paa denne Kegle hviler, • skraaner til alle Kanter udad med
en Heldning af 8 til 10 Grader, en Heldning der mod
Xord og 0st forts setter under. Havet til mindst 1000 Fav-
nes Dyb. Kraterets Hand viser sig takket og den hojeste
Tinde ligger paa Vestsiden. Mod Xorder Kratervaeggen
tildels indstyrtet paa en Hojde af et Par hundrede Meter.
Den saaledes dannede Dalsaenkning. fortsaetter nordover ned
imod Nordsiden af 0en, begraendset paa begge Sider af
divergerende Bergrygge, der tildels skyde sig frem terrasse-
vis. Dette er Beerenbergs val del hove, der danner Firn-
mulden for dens storste Isbraeer, som skyde sig ud paa
Xofdsideii. Paa 0stsiden Andes ogsaa fremstaaende Bibber,
der dele Gstsidens Gletscberfelter, men mod Syd og Vest
synes den ovre Kegles Yderflade at vaere meget jevn, kun
oppe ved Kraterranden furet af smaa Indsaenkninger mellem
Kratertakkerne. Beerenbergs Basis gaar mod Vest, Syd-
vest og X or dost med - temmelig jevne Skraaninger belt ned
til Havet eller Lavlandet, men mod X ord og mod 0st
danner den saerdeles stejle Kyster, der frembyde Praecipicer
paa 300 Meters Hojde. Paa. Here Steder er Basisen
gjennemfuret af dybe Indskjaeringer, gjennem hvilke Is-
braeerne finde sin Vej til Havet.
Sydlandets Hojde naar ikke paa langt user op til-
Xordlandets. Sydlandet danner et Hojplateau, der mod
Sydost og Syd liar mange bratte Styrtninger mod Havet,
men mod Nordvest bar foran sig et lavt Forland, livis
Hojde ikke raekker 100 Meter over Havet. Hojden af
Sydlandets Plateau anslaar jeg til omkring 300 Meter.
Ovenpaa dette haeve sig nogle storre Hojder, af hvilke dem
hojeste, der synes at frembyde en konisk Spids og saaledes
miiligens er en vulkansk Kegle, neppe rager over 500 Meter
op over Havfladen.
Den lavere midterste Del af Den, der er bygget af
faste Lavamasser og rigelig be'sat med Eruptionskratere,
naar paa sit laveste en omtrentlig Hojde af kun 66 Meter
eller maaske mindre, medens Kratertoppene naa op til
breadth of the northern part is a little more than 2 geo-
graphical miles, that of the southern 0/2 geographical
miles, and the connecting tract (including the lagoon)
measures at the narrowest point I1/* English miles across
(0.4 geographical mile). The area of the island is 7.32
geographical square miles.
The northern part of Jan Mayen is larger and more
elevated than the southern. From its .central tract towers
the monarch of the island, Mount Beerenberg, an ex-
tinct volcano, rising in regal majesty to the height of
6400 feet. The crater measures 4360 feet in diameter.
The upper cone, which shelves at an angle of 42° and at-
tains an altitude of about 2000 feet, would, to judge from
the black spots so conspicuous on its western declivity,
appear to be composed of ashes. The base supporting the
cone slopes out in every direction at an angle of from 8
to 10 degrees, and this incline is retained towards the north
and east to a depth of at least 1000 fathoms beneatli
the sea-level. The edge of the crater has a jagged appear-
ance, and the loftiest peak lies on the west side of the
mountain. Towards the north, the wall of the crater has
partially given way down to a height of from 600 to 700
feet. The depression thus formed extends northwards to-
wards the north coast of the island, bounded oh either side
by diverging mountain ridges, that here and there project
ledge-like one above the other. This is Beerenberg’s val
del hove, which constitutes the snow-field for the largest of
its glaciers, that jut out from the north side of the moun-
tain. On the east side, too, are seen prominent ribs, all
of which intersect the neves of the east side; towards the
south and west, however, the surface of the outer cone
would appear to be remarkably smooth, at the edge of the
crater only being furrowed with shallow depressions between
the jags. The base of Mount Beerenberg shelves towards
the west, south-west, and north-east with a comparatively
gentle incline, either to the water’s edge or the low-lying
shore; towards the north and east, however, the descent at
the coast is very abrupt,, exhibiting precipices 1000 feet
high. In several places the base of the mountain is inter-
sected by deep ravines, through which the glaciers find a
passage to the sea.
The height of the southern part of the island cannot
be compared to that of the northern. The southern land
constitutes a wide plateau, which, in a south-easterly and
southerly direction exhibits numerous precipices along the
coast, but, towards the north-west, has extending before it
a low-lying foreland, less than 300 feet above the sea.
The height of the plateau 1 estimated at 1000 feet. Bising
above this table-land are seen several summits; the loftiest,
which has apparently a conical form, and may therefore
be of eruptive origin, can hardly attain an altitude of
1600 feet above the sea-level. *
The low middle tract of the island, which is built
up of compact masses of lava and bears numerous eruptive
craters, lias at its lowest point an elevation of only 200
feet, or perhaps even less, whereas the crater- summits
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