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Intetsteds paa 0en findes en Havn, der kan yde et
Skib eller en Baad Ly i alle Slags Yejr.1 Landgang paa
0en er derfor mulig kun naar Spen er forholdsvis rolig,
men dette er vistnok en Sjeldenhed, undtagen naar Havisen
ligger rundt om 0en.
Merkvaerdige ere de to Laguner, der ere adskilte fra
Havet ved Volde.af sort Sand, kun nogle faa Meter lioje,
et Par hundrede Skridt brede, som fore ferskt Yand og hvis
Spejl kun ligger ubetydeligt hojere end Havet. Yestsidens
Lagune er saa dyb, at den vilde kunne give en god Havn, •
om Tangen blev gjennembrudt i tilstnekkelig Dybde. 0st-
sidens Lagune er mindre dyb.
Jan Mayen ligger ganske i den ostgronlandske Polar-
strprn'. Under 10 til 20 Favne er Havets Yand hele Aaret
igjennem iskoldt. Om Yinteren er der ofte aabent Yand
ved Jan Mayen; navnlig passere Sselfangerne jevnlig vesten-
om 0en. Sommeren er kold, en naturlig Fplge af det
iskolde Vand.
Den nordlige Del af Jan Mayen er dsekket af evig
Sne indtil en Hojde af omkring 700 Meter. Beerenbergs
Kegle er snedaekt undtagen paa de bratteste Steder, livor
den sorte Fjeldvaeg trseder frem. Beerenbergs Basis er
dsekket af en udstrakt Snekaabe, bvorfra vseldige Isbraeer
skyde sig ned, af livilke 9 store Brseer naa belt til Havet.
Sydlandet synes ikke at vsere glacieret. Store Sne-
flekker findes om Sommeren overalt paa Den i Naerheden
af Havet.
Jan Mayens Flora er fattig. Men'det Gronne mangier
ikke, tvertimod danner Mosernes gronne Teppe, der daekker
store Partier, en udmerket malerisk Contrast til Berg-
arternes sorte, brune og rode Farver. De af Dr. Danielssen
paa Ejdet i Syd for Mary Muss Bugten samlede Planter
ere, ifolge Bestemmelse af Professor A. Blytt. fplgende:
Saxifraga ccespitosa, L.
— nivalis, L.
— appositifolia, L.
— rivularis L.
Ranunculus glacialis, L.
Halianthus peploides, Fr.
Cerastium alpinum, L.?
Draba corymbosa, R. Br.
Cochlearia officinalis, L.
Oxyria digyna, Campd.
Catabrosa algida, Fr.
Af Pattedyr findes Fjeldrakken, Cams lagopus, i ikke
ganske ringe Antal paa Jan Mayen. Den synes at mere sig
af Spfugl. Af Fugle bar Hr. Friele noteret fplgende Arter:
1 Lille Sandbugt synes efter Beskrivelsen i Zeespiegel at afgive
en god Baadhavn, dsekket af udenfor liggende Skjsergaard.
Nowhere on the shores of Jan Mayen has a harbour
been found that could afford a ship or a boat shelter in
all kinds of weather.1 Hence, to land is possible only
with the sea comparatively smooth, which it rarely is save
when drift-ice encompasses the island.
Specially noteworthy are the two lagoons, cut off from
the sea by barriers of black sand, only a few feet high
and a couple of hundred paces broad. They both contain
fresh water, the surface of which lies but very little above
that of the sea. The lagoon on the west side of the island
is deep enough to afford a good harbour were the barrier
cut through to a sufficient depth. The lagoon on the east
side is comparatively shallow.
Jan Mayen lies wholly within the Greenland Arctic cur-
rent. At a depth of from 10 to 20 fathoms, the temperature of
the sea is all the year round below zero. In the winter
there is frequently open water off the coasts of Jan Mayen,
sealers often passing to the west of the island. The sum-
mer is naturally cold, from the presence of ice-cold water
so near the surface of the sea.
The northern part of Jan Mayen rises, at a height
of about 2300 feet, into the region of perpetual irost. The
upper cone of Mount Beerenberg is snow-capt, save on the
steepest parts of its declivity, where the black mountain-
wall is seen ‘protruding. The base of Beerenberg is girt
with a belt of snow, from which prodigious glaciers take
their origin, 9 of the largest reaching down to the water’s
edge.
The southern part of the island would not appear
to be glaciated. Large patches of snow are everywhere
observed throughout the summer in the vicinity of the sea.
Jan Mayen has but a meagre Flora. Bright herbage,
however, is not wanting; the green carpet of moss, in places
of considerable extent, forms a striking and pleasant
contrast to the black, brown, and red of the surrounding
rocks. The plants collected by Dr. Danielssen on the isth-
mus south of Mary Muss Bay. are, according to Professor
A. Blytt, as follows: t—
Saxifraga ccespitosa, L.
— nivalis, L.
— oppositifolia, L.
— rivularis, L.
Ranunculus glacialis, L.
Halianthus peploides, Fr.
Cerastium alpinum, L.?
Draba corymbosa, R. Br.
Cochlearia officinalis, L.
Oxyria digyna, Campd.
Catabrosa algida, Fr.
Of mammiferous animals, the Polar fox. Cams lagopus,
is by no means rare on Jan Mayen. Of birds, Mr.
Friele has noted the following species: —
1 Little Sand. Bay would appear, according to the account in
the “Zeespiegel,” to be a good harbour for boats, protected as it is
by an outlying chain of islets.
Den norske Nordhavsexpedition. H. Mohn: Geografi.
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