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H. Molm. Astronomiske
Observationer til Tids- og 8teds-
bestemmelse.
e i denne Afhandling meddelte astronomiske Observa-
tioner gjordes under Expeditionens Opliold i Havn
vsesentlig med det Maal for 0je at tjene til Grundlag for
de Tids- og Azimuthbestemmelser, der udfordredes til de
magnetiske Iagttagelser. Ved Siden deraf tilsigtedes ogsaa
Bredde- og Lamgdebestemmelser, der kunde vaere af geo-
grafisk Interesse, som paa Jan Mayen og Spidsbergen. Den
gunstige Lejlighed, soin de gjennem Telegrafen givne Tids-
signaler frembod til Verification af Lsengden af Punkter
paa Kysten af det nordlige Norge, onskede jeg ogsaa at
benytte efter Lejligbeden.
Observationerne ere Solhojder. maalte med Sextant.
Af Bestyreren for det astronomiske Observatorium i Chri-
stiania, Professor C. Eearnley, fik jeg udlaant en Observa-
toriet tilhorende Sextant af Troughton. med Kviksolvliori-
zont og Stativ, det samme Instrument, som Hansteen be-
nyttede paa sin Bejse i Sibirien i Aarene 1828—1880.
I Brugen af Instrumentet niodtog jeg selv Prof. Hansteens
Vejledning paa Observatoriet i 1861. Paa Sextanten af-
laeses ved Nonien directe 10". Ved samtlige Observationer
benyttedes den lange Kikkert med ca. 10 Ganges Forstor-
ring. Glastaget over Kvikselvliorizonten provede jeg, paa
Rost, ved at stille det foran Kikkerten paa en Theodolitk,
der var indstillet paa en god Mire (et Kirkespir); Virk-
ningen af en prismatisk Form af Glassene var saagodtsom
umerkelig, og kan neppe udgjore et Par Sekunder.
Saagodtsom alle de her meddelte Observationer ere
gjorte med dette Instrument. Under Jan Mayen observe-
redes fra Skibsborde ogsaa med et Par andre Sextanter.
Af Uhre liavdes i 1876 ombord 3 Boxchronometre,
af Kullberg, Frodsliam og Mewes saint et Lommeclirono-
meter, foruden almindelige Lommeuhre, bvoraf et mig til-
horende Duplexuhr. I 1877 og 1878 bavde vi foruden de
nsevnte Uhre et Boxchronometer af Reid og i 1878 liavde
l)en norske Nordlinvsexpedition. II. Molm: Astronomiske Observationer.
H. Mohn. Astronomical Observations
for determining Time, Latitude
and Longitude.
The astronomical observations set forth in this Me-
moir were made during our stay in certain of the
harbours at which the Expedition touched, — chiefly to
serve as a basis of the time and azimuth determinations
required for the magnetical observations. A secondary ob-
ject lay in performing, if possible, divers latitude and
longitude determinations that might prove of geographical
interest, as, for instance, on the islands of Jan Mayen and
Spitzbergen. Moreover, of the excellent opportunity afforded
by the telegraph time-signals to verify the longitude of points
on the northern line of the Norway coast, I was specially
desirous of taking advantage.
The observations are solar altitudes, measured with
the sextant. On application to Professor C. Fearnley, Di-
rector of the Astronomical Observatory at Christiania, lie
kindly lent me a sextant belonging to that establishment,
one of Troughton’s, furnished with a mercury-horizon and
stand, -— the identical instrument used by Hansteen on his
travels in Siberia (1828—1830). In the use of the in-
strument Hansteen had himself given me the necessary in-
structions. at the Observatory, in 1861. The vernier reads
10 seconds. For all the observations, the long telescope,
magnifying about 10 diameters, was exclusively used. The
glass covering the mercury-horizon I tested at Rost, by
placing it in front of the telescope of a theodolite directed
to a good mark (a church steeple). The effect resulting from a
slightly prismatic form in the glasses was well-nigh inappre-
ciable, amounting as it did to hardly a couple of seconds.
Almost all of the observations were made with this
instrument, a very few only having been taken on board
with other sextants, off the coast of Jan Mayen.
Of time-keepers, we had on the first cruise, in 1876,
3 box-chronometers, made respectively by Kullberg. Frod-
sbam. and Mewes. and a pocket-chronometer, exclusive of
watches, one of which — that belonging to myself — was
a duplex lever. In 1877 and 1878, we had in addition a
l
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