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Den lste August 1878 laa Expeditionen under Yord-
ostsiden af Beeren Eiland for at have Ly for deu paa
Havet blaesende Sydvest Storm. Da. Yejret om Afteuen
syntes at bedage sig, forsogtes at lande paa 0en. Dette
lyktes ogsaa. Vi kom i Land ved Mundingen af Engelsk-
Elven, der ved sit Udlob i en liden Bugt danner en Eos.
Yi steg op paa Beeren-Eilands flade Plateau, der fandtes
at ligge omtrent 34 Meter over Havet, og vandrede en
Mils Yej nordover. Kysten er overalt ganske brat, flere
Steder lielder Fjeldvseggen udover. Den er dannet af hori-
zontale Lag, der som bekjendt tilbore Stenkulperioden.
Era Seen af ser Kystlinien temmelig ret ud, men fra Land
viste den sig at bestaa af fremspringende Yes afvexlende
med iiulgaaende Bugter. Braendingeu arbejder uafladelig
paa at udgrave de lavere Lag. De overliggende Lag miste
sit Underlag, brydes af og styrte i Stranden. bvor de
spndermales af Bplgeslaget. Paa Land saa vi, indenfor
Plateauets Rand, gabende Spraekker, der havde dannet sig
ved de undergravede Lags begyndende Synkning. I Ejaeren
saa vi, hvorledes Bplgerne tumlede vildt med det nedrasede
Lands Rester. Yed enkelte Yes staar igjen Stabber eller
Spjler, adskilte fra Landet, ogsaa som Vidnesbyrd om
Havets Magt. Disse Stabber, med sine horizontale Lag,
frembyde sogte Haekkepladse for tallps'e Spfugle, der her
kunne vaere i Fred for Fiender. Saaledes skrider Beeren-
Eilands 0delaeggelse frem. Den grunde Banke, der straek-
ker sig fra 0st-Spidsbergen til Beeren-Eiland, er sandsynlig-
vis for en stor Del Resterne af dette Land. Yu kommer
liertil det faste Materiale, som Drivisen forer med sig og
afsaetter ved sin Smeltning.
Yort Billede viser denne Kyst med de udoverkam-
gende Lag, de fremstikkende Yes, de af Bolgerne udhulede
Bugter, i livilke Braendingen arbejder, og to af de frit-
staaende Stabber.
Inde paa Sletten passerede vi, i en Afstand af et
Par Kilometer fra Kysten, en Rsekke smaa grunde Fersk-
vandsper, bvis l and bavde en Temperatur af 9° C., og
som syntes at vsere et yndet Opholdssted for talrige Sp-
fugle. Overfladen af Fjeldet bestod af lutter Ipse Stene.
dels som lps Ur, dels som mindre Stene med Jord imellem,
der frembpd en Smule Vegetation. Hist og her fandtes
sammenksengende Mostepper.
4. Spitsbergen.
Den 5te August 1878 bk vi for fprste Gang 0je paa
Spidsbergen. Ved Middag saaes Syd-Spidsbergen forud, et
skydsekket Land med Sne og Isbrseer. Udenfor Sydkap
ligge nogle ganske lave 0er. Yi sejlede spndenom disse og
On the 1st of August. 1878, the “Vpringen” rode at
anchor off the north-east coast of Beeren Eiland. during
a heavy gale from the south-west. In the evening, the
weather having somewhat abated, an attempt was made to
land on the island. It proved successful. IVe landed at
the mouth of English River, which forms a cataract where
it disembogues into a small bay. We ascended to the pla-
teau of Beeren Eiland. that attains an elevation of about
110 feet above the sea, and strolled for a few miles in a
northerly direction. The coast is everywhere precipitous,
in several places with beetling cliffs. It is built up of horizon-
tal strata belonging to the true carboniferous era. As seen
from the sea, the coast appears to extend in a compara-
tively unbroken line; hut on landing, it was found to form
numerous headlands and bays. The ceasless action of the
surf gradually wears away the lower strata. The upper
layers being thus deprived of their support, give way, and
topple down into the sea, where they are broken up by the
lashing of the waves. Year the edge of the plateau were
seen yawning rents in the surface, showing that the sub-
jacent layers were about to give way. On the beach, we
could observe the action of the waves in tossing about the
fallen masses. Stumps or columns of rock still remain off
some of the headlands, — another proof of the marvellous
power of the waves. These columnar rocks afford favourite
breeding-haunts for sea-fowl, where they have nothing to
fear from their enemies. Thus proceeds the gradual
demolition of Beeren Eiland. The bank extending from
East Spitzbergen to Beeren Eiland. is probably in greater
part the remains of this land, along with the solid matter
deposited on the melting of drift-ice.
Our view of this coast shows the beetling stratified
cliffs, the hold projecting headlands, the bays and creeks
hollowed out by the sea, in which the surf is for ever
engaged in its work of destruction, and two of the isolated
columnar rocks. .
On the plateau, about a mile from the coast, we
passed a chain of small freshwater lakes, apparently the
favourite resort of innumerable wild-fowl; the temperature
of the water was 9° 0. The surface of the island con-
sisted exclusively of loose materials, in part dry gravel, in
part small stones embedded in earth exhibiting traces of
vegetation. Here and there was seen a carpet of moss.
4. Spitzbergen.
On the 5th of August, 1878, we got our first view
of Spitzbergen. About noon the “Ypringen” bore down
on South Spitzbergen, a cloud-capt land, with snow-fields
and glaciers. Off South Cape are seen a number of small.
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