ROUTE I.--TO GEYSIR AND HEKLA. 107 large one, there are two courses open to them : (1) To keep together, and take the tent or tents brought for use at the Geysir on to the farm of Nafrliolt or Selsund, the nearest farms to Helda, where a guide will be obtained for the ascent; or (2) Separate into parties of about four, each to proceed by a slightly different route, agree- ing beforehand as to which of the three above-named parsonages each division will select for night quarters, that the demand for sleeping accommodation at either one of them may not exceed what is procurable. The two farms near Hekla are not only too distant from the Geysir to be reached in a day, visiting the Gullfoss en route, but also afford very poor accommodation; therefore it is advisable to sleep the second night at Storuvellir or at one of the numerous farms in its vicinity, setting out early the next morning for either Ncefrholt or Selsund. Gullfoss.—There is no regular road to this fall; consequently if the guide hired at Reykjavik has not previously conducted a party thither, it will be necessary to engage at ITaukadalr a local guide, to show the party through the swampy region that lies between that farm and the Hvita. The fall is from three to four hours’ ride distant, the time taken depending in a great measure on whether the summer has been a wet or dry one; and the head waters—three arms—of the Tungufjot will be forded. The Gold- fall was not seen by the author, therefore he must crave permission to describe it from the pen of one who paid it a visit. ‘I was more than charmed as the full grandeur of the tumbling river burst upon us. To compare it with its rival the Dettifoss, I should say that it is superior as regards the volume of water, but inferior on the score of depth. All the great falls of Iceland have a distinct peculiarity, they are V-shaped, that is to say, the river falls from two opposite sides into a cleft of that form, the angular termina- tion of a gjd or lava rift. In this instance, too, as in most others, the angle is marked by an islet of basalt, which thus forms two distinct bodies of water. I roughly estimated each arm at about 100 feet in width, the deepest of them, about 80 feet, falling into a fissure scarce ten feet wide at the bottom, and not more than fifty feet wide at the top, shaped somewhat like a funnel. Imme- diately above the main fall, the river descends in a series of cascades, in all perhaps forty feet in depth, and some 600 feet broad. The widest part of the river I judged to be not less than 500 yards, narrowing to about 300 as the rapids are reached. It is possible to scramble down to the level of the stream below the fall, whence a good view can be obtained, while behind one the

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