41 form, composed of great blocks of red and black vitrified lava, up which we climbed and looked down into the darkness as into Pluto’s chimney. It has been described as—the mysterious Tintron, the puzzle of geologists, the Lava Spout, the only one known to exist in the world, like unto the blackened stump of a tree many feet in height, through which fluid flame is supposed to have once soared in the air, as water from the hose of a fire engine. Luring the day we crossed rivers many times, so many, indeed, that what with the rain overhead, the rivers, lakes, and hot springs, we became as amphibious as if we had been born otters or sea-gulls, making light of three feet of water and a swift current. In our own country the rivers are usually symbolized by a nymph reclining on a water urn which sends a streamlet down, to widen and broaden into a smooth river, carrying ships down to cities on its shores ; but, if we wish to picture an Icelandic river we must imagine one of the frost giants crouching in a glacier cavern and hurling rocks, ice, and debris down the furious, turbid waves that burst from the mountains already a full-grown river. The mag- nitude and dimensions of the rivers are out of all proportion to the size of the island ; those draining some of the glaciers sometimes being two or three miles in width, bearing huge blocks of stone over changing quicksands and cutting off all communi- cation between the inhabitants of the opposite banks As may be expected in such a mountain- ous and glacier-covered country, Iceland has many waterfalls, some of them surpassing in beauty the far-famed falls of Switzerland. One, on the route to Hecla, is about 600 feet broad, and has been thus described—from the basin that receives the fallen water, the imprisoned torrent foams and plunges with maddened rage twixt towering but- tresses of palagonite and basaltic lava, that frown upon it and bend over it as if longing to prevent its escape. Whenever a river lies in a direct road between two farms a boat is usually to be found, but it is a work of much difficulty to find a ferry- man ; one traveller tells us he had to shout and signal for an hour before a man on the opposite bank could be aroused, and then, he said, “I think it was only the unusual sight of a clean white shirt which I hoisted as a flag that induced him to come over in his boat,, impelled by sheer curiosity.”

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